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How can I tell where energy is added to the gas as heat versus energy leaving the gas as heat?
There is an adiabatic process from b to c, constant pressure from c to a, and constant volume from a to b. It's a question involving Entropy and the 2nd Law of Thermodynamics. It's a closed system.
Answer:
By definition, energy is neither added not removed during the adiabatic phase.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adiabatic_process
In a gas, PV = kT where
P = pressure
V = volume
T = temperature
and k is a constant depending on the nature and amount of the gas.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combined_gas_law
So if you are in a constant pressure phase, what is happening to the volume and temperature? Since they move together, if you can see that the volume is increasing, then the temperature is too so you must be adding energy.
Similarly for the constant volume.
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